The generation and transmission of electric power and the production of direct fuels for heat provide critical economic benefits but also are major sources of GHG emissions and climate change vulnerability worldwide. New and improved technologies and best practices can reduce emissions in the energy supply sector and provide economic benefits, increasingly at lower cost and higher value than conventional approaches. This includes shifts to renewable energy, on- site and off-grid energy, and more efficient energy conversion technologies. CCS provides integrated planning, resource assessments, and program design to support technology choice and energy and economic system transitioning to modern, sustainable approaches.